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- The Italian-French astronomer and the director of the Paris observatory,
- Giovanni Domenico Cassini (1625 - 1712), was the first to calculate the distance
- of the Sun with reasonable (7%) accuracy. He accomplished this by first defining
- the parallax of Mars. As a result of Cassini's calculations, the size of the Sun
- and the solar system grew nearly ten times. Along his calculations the distance
- of the Sun was in fact 20,000 times the radius of Earth, not 1,200 times as had
- been earlier thought. The size of the solar system grew on the same scale.
-
- Among other things Cassini discovered the four moons around Saturn, and noted
- the gap between Saturn's rings. It was later named the Cassini division. Cassini
- was also the first to calculate the revolving time of Mars (24 h 40 min) with
- great accuracy.
-